解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the variation in unadjusted rates of caesarean section derived from routine data in NHS trusts in England can be explained by maternal characteristics and clinical risk factors. DESIGN:A cross sectional analysis using routinely collected hospital episode statistics was performed. A multi...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.c5065
更新日期:2010-10-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the association of Apgar score 5 minutes after birth with cerebral palsy in both normal weight and low birthweight children, and also the association with the cerebral palsy subdiagnoses of quadriplegia, diplegia, and hemiplegia. DESIGN:Population based cohort study. SETTING:The Medical Birth Reg...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.c4990
更新日期:2010-10-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the association between wheezy symptoms in young children and the presence of bacteria in the airways. DESIGN:Birth cohort study. SETTING:Clinical research unit in Copenhagen. PARTICIPANTS:Children of asthmatic mothers, from age 4 weeks to 3 years, with planned visits and acute admissions to the r...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.c4978
更新日期:2010-10-04 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of a multifaceted empowerment strategy on the actual use of single embryo transfer after in vitro fertilisation. DESIGN:Randomised controlled trial. SETTING:Five in vitro fertilisation clinics in the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS:308 couples (women aged <40) on the waiting list for a fi...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.c2501
更新日期:2010-09-30 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the accuracy and acceptability to patients of non-endoscopic screening for Barrett's oesophagus, using an ingestible oesophageal sampling device (Cytosponge) coupled with immunocytochemisty for trefoil factor 3. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:12 UK general practices, with gastroscopi...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.c4372
更新日期:2010-09-10 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the hypothesis that risk of oesophageal, but not of gastric or colorectal, cancer is increased in users of oral bisphosphonates. DESIGN:Nested case-control analysis within a primary care cohort of about 6 million people in the UK, with prospectively recorded information on prescribing of bisphosph...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.c4444
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the long term clinical and cost effectiveness of the diabetes education and self management for ongoing and newly diagnosed (DESMOND) intervention compared with usual care in people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. DESIGN:We undertook a cost-utility analysis that used data from a 12 month, mu...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.c4093
更新日期:2010-08-20 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the independent effects of intake of fruit and vegetables on incidence of type 2 diabetes. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:Medline, Embase, CINAHL, British Nursing Index (BNI), and the Cochrane library were searched for medical subject headings and keywords on diabete...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.c4229
更新日期:2010-08-18 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore geographical and sociodemographic factors associated with variation in equity in access to total hip and knee replacement surgery. DESIGN:Combining small area estimates of need and provision to explore equity in access to care. SETTING:English census wards. SUBJECTS:Patients throughout England w...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.c4092
更新日期:2010-08-11 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate survival after a diagnosis of dementia in primary care, compared with people without dementia, and to determine incidence of dementia. DESIGN:Cohort study using data from The Health Improvement Network (THIN), a primary care database. SETTING:353 general practices in the United Kingdom providin...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.c3584
更新日期:2010-08-05 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether rates of suicide changed in Toronto after a barrier was erected at Bloor Street Viaduct, the bridge with the world's second highest annual rate of suicide by jumping after Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco. DESIGN:Natural experiment. SETTING:City of Toronto and province of Ontario, Ca...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.c2884
更新日期:2010-07-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the relation between the HIV/AIDS epidemic and support for dependent elderly people in Africa. DESIGN:Retrospective analysis using data from Demographic and Health Surveys. SETTING:22 African countries between 1991 and 2006. PARTICIPANTS:123,176 individuals over the age of 60. MAIN OUTCOME M...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.c2841
更新日期:2010-06-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of a monovalent rotavirus vaccine against severe rotavirus disease and to assess its impact on diarrhoea in children aged less than 2 years after national introduction in El Salvador, a low-middle income country in Central America. DESIGN:Matched case-control study. SETTING:Sev...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.c2825
更新日期:2010-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether total hip arthroplasty is associated with lower reoperation rates, mortality, and complications, and better function and quality of life than hemiarthroplasty for displaced fractures of the femoral neck in older patients. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials, q...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.c2332
更新日期:2010-06-11 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To study the effects of metformin on the incidence of vitamin B-12 deficiency (<150 pmol/l), low concentrations of vitamin B-12 (150-220 pmol/l), and folate and homocysteine concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving treatment with insulin. DESIGN:Multicentre randomised placebo controlled tri...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.c2181
更新日期:2010-05-20 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy of modest non-financial incentives on immunisation rates in children aged 1-3 and to compare it with the effect of only improving the reliability of the supply of services. DESIGN:Clustered randomised controlled study. SETTING:Rural Rajasthan, India. PARTICIPANTS:1640 children aged 1...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.c2220
更新日期:2010-05-17 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of financial incentives on four clinical quality indicators common to pay for performance plans in the United Kingdom and at Kaiser Permanente in California. DESIGN:Longitudinal analysis. SETTING:35 medical facilities of Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 1997-2007. PARTICIPANTS:...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.c1898
更新日期:2010-05-11 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate current processes by which young children presenting with a febrile illness but suspected of having serious bacterial infection are diagnosed and treated, and to develop and test a multivariable model to distinguish serious bacterial infections from self limiting non-bacterial illnesses. Design T...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.c1594
更新日期:2010-04-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure thresholds have been defined for the diagnosis of mild hypertension but not for its treatment or for other blood pressure thresholds used in the diagnosis of moderate to severe hypertension. We aimed to derive age and sex related ambulatory blood pressure equivalent...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.c1104
更新日期:2010-04-14 00:00:00
abstract:PROBLEM:To reduce hospital inpatient mortality and thus increase public confidence in the quality of patient care in an urban acute hospital trust after adverse media coverage. DESIGN:Eight care bundles of treatments known to be effective in reducing in-hospital mortality were used in the intervention year; adjusted m...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.c1234
更新日期:2010-03-31 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the reporting characteristics and methodological details of randomised trials indexed in PubMed in 2000 and 2006 and assess whether the quality of reporting has improved after publication of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) Statement in 2001. DESIGN:Comparison of two cross...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.c723
更新日期:2010-03-23 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated care programme, combining a patient directed and a workplace directed intervention, for patients with chronic low back pain. DESIGN:Population based randomised controlled trial. SETTING:Primary care (10 physiotherapy practices, one occupational health service, ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.c1035
更新日期:2010-03-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of vitamin A supplementation and BCG vaccination at birth in low birthweight neonates. DESIGN:Randomised, placebo controlled, two by two factorial trial. SETTING:Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. PARTICIPANTS:1717 low birthweight neonates born at the national hospital. INTERVENTION:Neonates...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.c1101
更新日期:2010-03-09 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To synthesise the views of patients and carers in decision making regarding treatment for chronic kidney disease, and to determine which factors influence those decisions. DESIGN:Systematic review of qualitative studies of decision making and choice for dialysis, transplantation, or palliative care, and them...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.c112
更新日期:2010-01-19 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the performance of a panel of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (genotypes) associated with type 2 diabetes in distinguishing incident cases of future type 2 diabetes (discrimination), and to examine the effect of adding genetic information to previously validated non-genetic (phenotype based)...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.b4838
更新日期:2010-01-14 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate potential determinants of severe hypoglycaemia, including baseline characteristics, in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial and the association of severe hypoglycaemia with levels of glycated haemoglobin (haemoglobin A(1C)) achieved during therapy. DESIGN:Post ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.b5444
更新日期:2010-01-08 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of weight loss induced by a very low energy diet on moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnoea in obese men. Design Single centre, two arm, parallel, randomised, controlled, open label trial. Blocked randomisation procedure used for treatment allocation. Setting Outpatient obesity clini...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.b4609
更新日期:2009-12-03 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the impact on teenage pregnancy of interventions that address the social disadvantage associated with early parenthood and to assess the appropriateness of such interventions for young people in the United Kingdom. DESIGN:Systematic review, including a statistical meta-analysis of controlled tr...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.b4254
更新日期:2009-11-12 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the impact and cost effectiveness of a programme to transform adult critical care throughout England initiated in late 2000. DESIGN:Evaluation of trends in inputs, processes, and outcomes during 1998-2000 compared with last quarter of 2000-6. SETTING:96 critical care units in England. PARTICIPA...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.b4353
更新日期:2009-11-11 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the relation between low walking speed and the risk of death in older people, both overall and with regard to the main causes of death. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:Dijon centre (France) of the Three-City study. PARTICIPANTS:3208 men and women aged >or=65 living in the community, recru...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.b4460
更新日期:2009-11-10 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with collar or physiotherapy compared with a wait and see policy in recent onset cervical radiculopathy. DESIGN:Randomised controlled trial. SETTING:Neurology outpatient clinics in three Dutch hospitals. PARTICIPANTS:205 patients with symptoms and signs of cervica...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.b3883
更新日期:2009-10-07 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of the timing of first postnatal home visit by community health workers on neonatal mortality. DESIGN:Analysis of prospectively collected data using time varying discrete hazard models to estimate hazard ratios for neonatal mortality according to day of first postnatal home visit. DATA ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.b2826
更新日期:2009-08-14 00:00:00
abstract:PROBLEM:Despite widespread acceptance of the Ottawa ankle rules for assessment of acute ankle injuries, their application varies considerably. DESIGN:Before and after study. BACKGROUND AND SETTING:Emergency departments of a tertiary teaching hospital and a community hospital in Australia. KEY MEASURES FOR IMPROVEMEN...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.b3056
更新日期:2009-08-12 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the performance of a rapid test for chlamydia with first void male urine samples as a potential tool for diagnosis and screening of chlamydial infection in men. DESIGN:Evaluation of test performance in prospective cohort study. Settings A young people's sexual health centre (site 1) and a genitou...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.b2655
更新日期:2009-07-28 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the cost effectiveness of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX 2) selective inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and the addition of proton pump inhibitors to these treatments, for people with osteoarthritis. DESIGN:An economic evaluation using a Markov model and data ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.b2538
更新日期:2009-07-14 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the long term effects of antibiotic treatment for acute otitis media in young children. DESIGN:Prospective three year follow-up study within the framework of a primary care based, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial. SETTING:53 general practices in the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS:...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.b2525
更新日期:2009-06-30 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) may decrease the risk of community acquired pneumonia. DESIGN:Population based case-control study. SETTING:Group Health, a large integrated healthcare delivery system. Population Immunocompetent, community dwelling ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.b2137
更新日期:2009-06-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess predictors of mortality in a population of people prescribed methadone. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:Geographically defined population in Tayside, Scotland. PARTICIPANTS:2378 people prescribed and dispensed liquid methadone between January 1993 and February 2004. MAIN OUTCOME MEASU...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.b2225
更新日期:2009-06-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess timeliness of carotid endarterectomy services in the United Kingdom. DESIGN:Observational study with follow-up to March 2008. SETTING:UK hospitals performing carotid endarterectomy. PARTICIPANTS:UK surgeons undertaking carotid endarterectomy from December 2005 to December 2007. MAIN OUTCOME MEA...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.b1847
更新日期:2009-06-04 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To report the percentage of graduates from British medical schools who eventually practise medicine in the British NHS. DESIGN:Cohort studies using postal questionnaires, employment data, and capture-recapture analysis. SETTING:Great Britain. SUBJECTS:32 430 graduates from all British medical schools in ni...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.b1977
更新日期:2009-06-03 00:00:00